Air Pollution and Brain Damage

Air pollution and brain damage.

Exposure to complex mixtures of air pollutants produces inflammation in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Because the nasal cavity is a common portal of entry, respiratory and olfactory epithelia are vulnerable targets for toxicological damage. This study has evaluated, by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-kappaB) and inducibl...

Endothelial damage due to air pollution

The first human deaths due to air pollution were recorded in the mid-20th century. There were 6,000 cases of illness recorded in Donora, Pennsylvania, in 1948 and 20,000 in London in 1952; 15 and 4,000 cases of death, respectively, were allegedly ascribed to air pollution. Since then, many countries have adopted standards of air quality in order to protect environmental and human health, althou...

Health damage from current air pollution levels.

In 2013, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended concentrationresponse functions (CRF) for three major pollutants: fine particles (PM2.5), ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in its Health Risks of Air Pollution in Europe (HRAPIE) report.3 Effects were classified into two groups: group A (pollutant-outcome pairs for which enough data are available to enable reliable quantification of ...

Traffic-related air pollution and brain development

Automotive traffic-related air pollution (TRP) imposes an increasing health burden with global urbanization. Gestational and early child exposure to urban TRP is associated with higher risk of autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia, as well as low birth weight. While cardio-respiratory effects from exposure are well documented, cognitive effects are only recently becoming widely recognized...

Air Pollution and Health